As the neutrinos leave the first lab and move towards the lab in Italy, from the satellites’ perspectives, the neutrinos are moving towards the lab and the lab is moving towards the neutrinos as the Earth rotates. From a ground perspective, none of this happening; the experiment is going as anticipated. Once the neutrinos arrive, the satellite team takes a time measurement and determines that the neutrinos’ arrival clocks in at the expected time, while scientists on the ground determine that the neutrinos went faster than expected. The varying time differences are due to the fact that the ground team’s ‘reference frame’ was shorter than the satellite’s ‘reference frame’, and the ground team didn’t account for the differences in relativity.
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